This experience of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has spotlighted the need of a paradigm shift from a man-centered approach toward a One Health perspective, which recognizes the interconnection among human, animal and environment ecosystems. Monitoring several environmental compartments, through sensors and biosensors, can provide real-time, early warning, and predictive insights into human health status and disease risk. Emerging needs include, but are not limited to, multiplex and ultrasensitive detection, personalized monitoring, remote sensing, AI interoperability, wearable sensors, and user-friendly devices. In this pursuit, a variety of nanomaterials, integrated with biomolecules, biomaterials and soft matter, have gained significant attentions as sensor components due to their tunable properties for recognition of different target. The present session aims to collect the latest advancements in the use of nanomaterials for addressing novel sensing and biosensing challenges, from the perspective of young researchers. Key topics include colloidal nanoparticles for optical and electrochemical detection, 2D nanostructures for sensing and biosensing, integration of biological molecules with materials at micro and nano scales, novel nanomaterial-enabled transduction technologies. By bringing together early-career researchers working at the interface of nanomaterials and biosensing, the session aims to stimulate interdisciplinary dialogue on next-generation (bio)sensing technologies for One Health applications.